Research-led analysis on ammonia as a fuel and energy carrier, from technology readiness to trade economics and policy. Published by the Ammonia Observatory research team.
Behind the commercial headlines sits the research infrastructure that de-risks the technology, trains the engineers, and defines the standards that large-scale projects will depend on. The Ammonia Observatory maps 13 active UK academic projects spanning synthesis, combustion, storage, and marine propulsion — and finds a portfolio with genuine depth but a revealing asymmetry.
In November 2025, AM Green confirmed a final investment decision on its 1 MTPA green ammonia facility in Kakinada, India, the largest FID ever reached for a green ammonia project. Our team breaks down what this means for global supply chains, European offtake negotiations, and the benchmark it sets for the next wave of projects targeting FID in 2026.
The International Maritime Organisation's revised greenhouse gas strategy sets a 20% reduction in shipping emissions by 2030. Ammonia is widely viewed as the most viable zero-carbon fuel at scale, but the bunkering infrastructure simply does not exist yet. Our team maps port investment commitments made so far and identifies the critical gaps across the top 20 ammonia-relevant shipping corridors.
The first quarter of 2026 saw 14 new green ammonia project announcements, adding a combined 3.2 MTPA of potential future capacity. Our data team reviews what was announced, which regions are seeing the most activity, and which projects have the strongest likelihood of reaching final investment decision.
Three of the world's leading marine engine manufacturers reached commercial availability milestones for ammonia-capable engines in 2025. Our technology desk compares the MAN Energy Solutions two-stroke, WinGD's dual-fuel units, and Wärtsilä's four-stroke offering, and what the differences mean for shipowners evaluating fuel switching decisions.
Green ammonia prices in Germany reached $860/MT in Q1 2026, driven by CBAM implementation, constrained supply, and strong industrial decarbonisation demand. Our markets team analyses the pricing dynamics across five key regions and what the narrowing grey-green spread means for project economics.
The unexpected failure of IMO member states to adopt the net-zero framework in late 2025 created significant uncertainty across the ammonia energy supply chain. Our policy desk analyses what was decided, what remains unresolved ahead of MEPC October 2026, and what first-movers should do in the meantime.
Data sources: All data is compiled from publicly available information. Figures are best available estimates as of April 2026. Submit corrections to [email protected].